b"Chapter 9 peoplearoundthem.Itcanalsoimpairourabilitytofindnew solutions to problems.9.Aureole effect: refers to the tendency to allow a specific trait or our general impression of a person, company, or product to positively influence our judgment of their other related traits.Ifyouareundertheinfluenceofahaloeffect,youroverall impressionofapersonisundulyshapedandinfluencedbya singlecharacteristic,suchasbeauty.Peopleregularlyperceive attractive people as more intelligent and conscientious than their actual performance indicates.10.MisinformationEffect:whenyourememberanevent,your perception of it may be altered if you later receive false information about the event. In other words, if you learn something new about an event you saw, it may change how you remember it, even if what you are told is unrelated or wrong. This form of bias has enormous implications for the validity of testimonies. So,ifthewitnessestotheeventpracticerepeatingstatements about themselves, especially those that focus on the strength of theirjudgmentandmemory,theeffectsofthemisinformation diminish, and they tend to remember events more accurately. Refer to Mark R. Levin's book (Unfreedom of the Press) to understand the role of the press in misinforming the public.11.Optimism bias: an optimism bias can make you believe that you are less likely to encounter difficulties than others and more likely to experience success. Whether people are making predictions about their future wealth, relationships, or health, they typically overestimate success and underestimate the likelihood of negative outcomes. Thisisbecauseweupdateourbeliefsselectively,addingan update when something is going well, but less often when things are going wrong.276Germain Decelles"